Lessons

1How LLMs actually behave42 min read

An LLM is not a function — same input, different output; finite memory you pay for by the token; latency that scales with what it writes. The generation loop, tokenization, the context window, sampling, reasoning models, and the interview questions that probe all of it.

  • →LLM Behavior and Integration
  • →Cost and Latency Control
  • →Reliable LLM Service Delivery
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2Prompting & context engineering48 min read

Prompting is API design for a probabilistic system — the static contract, the per-call context you assemble, decoding-time techniques (CoT, self-consistency, decomposition), and treating prompts as versioned, eval-gated artifacts. With the interview round that probes all of it.

  • →Prompt and Context Design
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3Structured outputs & function schemas48 min read

The moment code consumes the output, free-form text is a liability. Constrained decoding, strict schemas, function/tool calls, validation + repair, the schema-design choices that change accuracy — the failure modes that still bite at scale, and the interview round on all of it.

  • →Structured and Grounded Output
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4Building a reliable LLM client50 min read

The provider will time out, rate-limit, 500, and occasionally go down. The four-layer reliability stack — timeouts, classified retries with jitter, fallback, circuit breaker — plus idempotency, hedging, the gateway, and the interview round on resilient distributed clients.

  • →LLM Behavior and Integration
  • →Reliable LLM Service Delivery
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5Cost & latency engineering48 min read

Latency is UX and cost is the bill — both are engineered. SLOs by use case, the prefill/decode latency model, streaming as perception, and the full lever stack: prompt caching, semantic caching, batching, routing/cascades, small fine-tunes — plus the FinOps interview round.

  • →Cost and Latency Control
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6Capstone: a summarize-and-extract microservice52 min read

Assemble the whole track — prompt contract + structured output + reliable client + caching + tests + observability — into a service that turns a document into a structured summary you can trust in production, and that you can defend end-to-end in a system-design interview.

  • →Reliable LLM Service Delivery
  • →Structured and Grounded Output
  • →LLM Behavior and Integration
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Skills in this course

  1. 01LLM Behavior and IntegrationExplain model variation, token generation, and context limits. Select an API pattern that fits the task.
  2. 02Prompt and Context DesignBuild small, versioned prompts. Separate instructions from dynamic and untrusted context.
  3. 03Structured and Grounded OutputCreate schemas and validators that give downstream code valid, grounded data and allow unknown values.
  4. 04Cost and Latency ControlEstimate token cost and latency. Use output limits, caching, routing, and model choice to meet service targets.
  5. 05Reliable LLM Service DeliveryBuild a service with safe retries, rate control, fallback checks, deterministic tests, eval gates, and request traces.